The unlimited beauty of urban architecture in Frankfurt/Main, beautifully captured and presented…03/2010…Simply be and enjoy…:)

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The unlimited beauty of urban architecture in Frankfurt/Main, beautifully captured and presented...03/2010...Simply be and enjoy...:)




Image by UggBoy♥UggGirl [ PHOTO : WORLD : SENSE ]

The word "skyscraper" originally was a nautical term referring to a small triangular sail set above the skysail on a sailing ship. The term was first applied to buildings in the late 19th century as a result of public amazement at the tall buildings being built in Chicago and New York City. The first skyscraper was for many years thought to be the Home Insurance Building built in in Chicago Illinois in 1885. More recent evidence points to New York's Equitable Life Assurance Building built in 1870 preceeding the Chicago building by 15 years and was the first office building built using a skeletal frame. [1]

The structural definition of the word skyscraper was refined later by architectural historians, based on engineering developments of the 1880s that had enabled construction of tall multi-storey buildings. This definition was based on the steel skeletonâ€"-as opposed to constructions of load-bearing masonry, which passed their practical limit in 1891 with Chicago's Monadnock Building. Philadelphia's City Hall, completed in 1901, still holds claim as the world's tallest load-bearing masonry structure at 167 m (548 ft). The steel frame developed in stages of increasing self-sufficiency, with several buildings in Chicago and New York advancing the technology that allowed the steel frame to carry a building on its own. Today, however, many of the tallest skyscrapers are built almost entirely with reinforced concrete.[2] Pumps and storage tanks maintain water pressure at the top of skyscrapers.

A loose convention in the United States and Europe now draws the lower limit of a skyscraper at 150 meters (~500 ft).[verification needed][3] A skyscraper taller than 300 meters (~1000 ft) may be referred to as supertall.[by whom?] Shorter buildings are still sometimes referred to as skyscrapers if they appear to dominate their surroundings.[by whom?]

The somewhat arbitrary term skyscraper should not be confused with the also ill-defined term high-rise. The Emporis Standards Committee defines a high-rise building as "a multi-story structure between 35-100 meters tall, or a building of unknown height from 12-39 floors"[4] and a skyscraper as "a multi-story building whose architectural height is at least 100 meters."[5] Some structural engineers define a highrise as any vertical construction for which wind is a more significant load factor than earthquake or weight. Note that this criterion fits not only high rises but some other tall structures, such as towers.

The word skyscraper often carries a connotation of pride and achievement. The skyscraper, in name and social function, is a modern expression of the age-old symbol of the world center or axis mundi: a pillar that connects earth to heaven and the four compass directions to one another.[6]

Toronto Architecture




Image by szeke

Toronto has lots of interesting modern buildings. This one is an example.

The beautiful ETISALAT TOWER 2 : DUBAI : United Arab Emirates : Wonderful lines, great character and structural fine lines : WORLD : SENSE : ICON : ARCHITECTURE : Enjoy and look UP! :)




Image by UggBoy♥UggGirl [ PHOTO : WORLD : SENSE ]

Emirates Telecommunications Corporation

Emirates Telecommunications Corporation, branded trade name Etisalat (Arabic: إتصالات‎ Etīsalat, literally Communications) is a UAE-based telecommunications services provider, currently operating in 18 countries across Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Emirates Telecommunications Corporation is its legal name. As of November 2009, Etisalat is the 13th largest mobile network operator in the world, with a total customer base of 100 million.

On January 31, 2010, Etisalat reported net revenue of USD .4 billion (AED 30.831 billion) and net profits of USD .407 billion (AED 8.836 billion).

Etisalat is one of the Internet hubs in the Middle East (AS8966), providing connectivity to other telecommunications operators in the region. It is also the largest carrier of international voice traffic in the Middle East and Africa and the 12th largest voice carrier in the world. As of October 2008, Etisalat has 510 roaming agreements covering 186 countries and enabling BlackBerry, 3G, GPRS and voice roaming. Etisalat operates Points of Presence (PoP) in New York, London, Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Paris and Singapore.

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WIKIPEDIA = ETISALAT = TO THE WORLD

Etisalat Tower 2

The Etisalat Tower 2 is a 33-floor tower in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The tower has a total structural height of 185 m (607 ft). Construction of the Etisalat Tower 2 was completed in 2007. The most notable aspect of the tower is that it has a spherical structure at the top, similar to a golf ball. The cladding of the tower follows the Etisalat guidelines, in that it uses the same materials as most of the company's buildings. All Etisalat buildings, including Etisalat Tower 1, Sharjah Etisalat Tower, Ajman Etisalat Tower, Al Ain Etisalat Tower and the Etisalat Headquarters in Abu Dhabi, have the same spherical structure on the top.

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WIKIPEDIA = ETISALAT TOWER 2 = SOAR MORE TO THE WORLD

Thoughts about skyscraper.......

Architecture is the alphabet of giants; it is the largest set of symbols ever made to meet the eyes of men. A tower stands up like a sort of simplified statue, of much more than heroic size.

- Gilbert Keith Chesterton, 1874 - 1936

Some More.......

It's not the skyscraper you look at, it's the architect.

- Anonymous

excellent magic.........

There's the downtown area of Tupelo. Did you see the skyscrapers? Two stories.

-- Bobby Heenan